yolo4dAs expected, the YOLO4D models outperform the frame stacking models. Frame stacking encodes the temporal information only through the reshaping of inputs, while YOLO4DUltralytics YOLOv8 is a cutting-edge, state-of-the-art (SOTA) model that builds upon the success of previous YOLO versions and introduces new features and improvements to further boost performance and flexibility. YOLOv8 is